it was possible in advance it will be prepared for catastrophe on September, 11th?

The commission 9/11 which studies{investigates} the reasons of catastrophe on September, 11th, has clarified, that efforts of rescuers Have been complicated by imperfection of the communications and absence of schedules of evacuation in the World Shopping center.

There is a question: whether there is any optimum method of preparation for abnormal position?

Whether there was a possibility during attacks on September, 11th to rescue{save} more people, if for tenants World{Global} Shopping center there were more successful schedules of evacuation, and the first repeaters have been better equipped and coordinated? Probably. In the message released this week, the Commission 9/11 has clarified, that the out-of-date communication aids and absence of knowledge of evacuation have led to serious losses - have complicated saving and have braked process of evacuation after Terrorists, having stolen commercial air liners, ran into Towers Twins in New York. 2,749 person 343 firemen and 23 police officers were lost{has perished} in New York, including. Command Fire safety did not possess that information which was known NYPD. They knew less, than the ordinary televiewer », chairman of the commission Thomas Kin, the former governor have underlined New Jersey, and Whether Hamilton, the vice-president, the former congressman from Indiana, in the joint statement after two-day listenings in New York this week.

On listenings which switched on a testimony of the present{true} and former chiefs fire Commands of New York, chiefs of police and mayors, members of the commission have clarified, that operators of an emergency service and managers of the Fire service did not transmit the important information, and, that only some owners of the World Shopping center had an abnormal plan of action. The commission Underlines, that all notice is now concentrated on improvement of a level of preparation of a private sector to abnormal position, and also integration of firemen and police command systems, Adjustment of link between agencies. Members of the commission also have underlined necessity for creation of uniform national standards both for the government, and for a private sector by preparation for possible{probable} attacks. Some of similar standards already exist.

The American Institute of Gosstandart, together with National Association of Fire Safety, has submitted to the guidelines consideration already in it{this} to year. Three months ago, the Department of National Safety of the USA has received nine of standards concerning to the equipment for the first repeaters, nuclear and radiating systems of detection. This week, the Secretary of the Department of Safety the Volume appearing with a testimony before the Commission 9/11, called To improvement of abnormal readiness of a private sector by implantation and observance of standards ANSI/NFPA, naming them « necessary measures » by preparation for potential attacks. Correspondent NEWSWEEK of Jennifer Barrett has lead interview to Arthur, vice-president ANSI, executive director and the chief engineer in NFPA, about events on September, 11th, that has gone to that day “ not so ”, and how much new standards respond resolution of these problems. Citations:

NEWSWEEK: In opinion of the commission 9/11, braking{inhibiting} saving process on September, 11th Factors became insufficiently coordinated actions of saving services and absence of necessary intercoupling between them. What has gone incorrectly?

Arthur: It is a question, for the answer on which we yet do not have the information. Most likely the problem was in a hardware and was characterized by interoperability. And time is required to us, To wait results of investigations of the commission before we can name the true reason.

That has occured{happened} to communication aids?

On the given question there is a set of versions. In general, there is a problem of transmission capacity which directly is coupled to that, the scope of communications in abnormal position which are directly coupled with FCC (the Federal commission of link is how much great The USA). If you deal with incident of such plotting scales with huge quantity of calls and informations, you need to be convinced, that at your instruction - a necessary bandwidth of data and frequency of an announcement. Here many the disputable moments. If you have refused From a section of a passband (data) for error conditions it{he} becomes inaccessible and for other groups. Besides events 11сентября were the present{true} catastrophe, which practically It is equated to military actions. The normal course of things has been broken{disturbed}.

Now, already a post, it is easy{light} to argue and consider{examine} a situation under a microscope.

The national Association of Fire Safety has developed standards of handle{control} Error condition still in 1995году. So, the situation on September, 11th was aggravated with what abnormal repeaters mismatched norms{rates} or this{it} to standards did not provide a similar situation?

Document NFPA 1600, as is known, has been launched{triggered} in 1991 and [its{his}] first issue has quitted in 1995. Originally, it{he} intended for solution of common problems of handle{control} by abnormal position which could be called, say, a tornado, flooding or hurricane. In this document are considered All the fundamental types of accidents, but I do not know, whether it{he} considers{examines} act of terrorism of such plotting scales … Scale of event, has made a situation extremely difficult. And I also think, If you look history of constructions not only in the USA, but also all world - you are convinced, that examples of incidents which could call complete ruin of a building - units. That has occured{happened} on September, 11th - does not give in to any matching.

You will consider what potentially dangerous threats at creation of new standards?

You should understand, that we - the organization which develops about 300 standards, for on there is a staff{state} of voluntary experts{auditeurs} from 7,000 person in the USA and worldwide. Events on September, 11th have certainly changed a direction of operation of all organizations which are anyhow coupled to planning Preparations for error conditions and methods of reaction. Today everyone should consider this fact.

So, what variations have occured{happened} in standards after events on September, 11th?

The basis of standards has remained without variations. The question is covered that you should be able to in Any moment to gate out people from a building and to manage to explain to all of them possible{probable} dangers, but terrorists - absolutely new threat, to characteristic our time which earlier was not considered{examined} as potential danger. Where there were variations - so it in design of buildings. Have been made some variations, it will demand the extension of staircases in buildings-skyscrapers that there was a possibility to evacuate people from all building whereas possibility only to transfer people from one area of a building in another earlier was provided. You can watch variations everywhere, for example, around of a building of the American Capitol now it is impossible to drive about on the car. There we have mounted abnormal barrages. Now access to garages under buildings is limited and now it is improbable, that you can construct Garage in a cellar of a building. All safety issues of constructions are considered{examined} with special carefulness.

I know, that American national standards institute ANSI has recommended, that The new standard has been entered at a national level, at support of the Department of Safety And other federal agencies. Also what as a result?

We certainly would like to see, how all this will be resulted{brought} during a life. It is a little premature, as we for the present do not have final solution of the commission. The problem consists that you can collide{face} with a situation when the people controlling buildings, believe that threat is real and undertake the standard actions which it would seem it is necessary to fulfil, but they forget, that this circuit of actions is not universal.

What then will be your guidelines?

It is a case when it is necessary to define{determine} precisely type of potential threat - considering, that they are not identical in different type buildings. It means, that if you became the witness of event of this or that type, you should approximately the nobility how much serious there will be a failure and as you will be To react - means, to whom it is necessary to access, that such - the schedule of evacuation and that it is necessary to do{make} in an error condition. Now, after 100 years of operation in this area, we already know, that time of reaction will depend on that, how much well people are prepared for such situation. People precisely should know, that from them it is required. On listening the example of a situation when in a 22-storeyed building overflown by people have suffered only 12 as managing directors well knew the schedule of evacuation has been resulted{brought} and have rehearsed it{him} down to trifles.

The commission 9/11 has informed{signalled}, that despite of attacks on September, 11th, the private sector and has remained Substantially unprepared to a terrorist attack. As you Think, in what the reason?

The certain level of apathy is watched and, unfortunately, I think, as to questions Safety, everyone believes, that with it{him} of anything similar never happens. There are companies and corporations in America and all over the world which members is really standard corporate citizens and realize necessity to be prepared to any nonconventional Situations. But it already other question …

Jennifer Barrett

Newsweek